CS Notes
Advanced Red Teaming, EDR Evasion & Identity Warfare
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Advanced EDR Evasion & Windows Internals 1.1 User-Mode Hooking & Syscall Architectures Direct vs. Indirect Syscalls:
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- Direct syscalls: Resolving System Service Numbers (SSNs) at runtime dynamically via Export Address Table (EAT) sorting (Hell's Gate, Halo's Gate, Tartarus Gate, SysWhispers3). - Indirect syscalls: Executing the syscall instruction within the memory space of ntdll.dll to ensure valid execution context, clean rip pointers, and unflagged kernel callback telemetry.AMSI & ETW Neutralization:
In-memory patching of AmsiScanBuffer and EtwEventWrite. - Hardware Breakpoints & Vectored Exception Handling (VEH): Setting debug registers (DR0-DR3, DR7) to hook and suppress security telemetry without modifying code section permissions (RX to RWX).
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- DLL Unhooking: Fresh copy extraction via KnownDlls, direct disk read with manual PE parsing, or suspended process mapping (Perun's Fart).
1.2 Process Injection & Execution Flow Hijacking Advanced Loaders & Injection Vectors:
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- Early Bird APC & QueueUserAPC: Injecting shellcode into suspended threads before EDR telemetry hooks initialize. - Module Stomping / Ghosting / Herpaderping / Transacted Hollowing: Hiding memory payloads behind legitimate, on-disk signed binaries to defeat memory scanning (e.g., VirtualQueryEx validation). - Threadless Injection: Utilizing hook points in execution loops without creating dedicated threads. - Fiber-based Execution: Switching thread contexts to execute shellcode within fiber structures. - Call Stack Spoofing & Synthetic Frames: Bypassing kernel-level stack walking by crafting synthetic stack frames that mimic legitimate Windows API call chains (e.g., SilentMoonwalk, TitanLdr). - Sleep Obfuscation (Ekko, Foliage, Cronos): Encrypting heap/stack memory and modifying page protections to NOACCESS during sleep states via timers (NtCreateTimer2, ROP chains).